Dr. Rabah Boukherroub received a PhD in chemistry from the University Paul Sabatier in Toulouse, France. He is currently a CNRS research director at the Institute of Electronics, Microelectronics and Nanotechnology (IEMN), CNRS & University of Lille, France. His research interests are in the area of functional materials, surface chemistry, and photophysics of semiconductor/metal nanostructures with emphasis on biosensors, nanomedicine, photocatalysis and electrocatalysis. He has published many research publications, wrote 43 book chapters and co-editor of 10 books in subjects related to nanotechnology, materials chemistry, and biosensors. He has 15 patents or patents pending.