Innovating materials design for smart cryomesh with enhanced cryopreservation performance
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Innovating materials design for smart cryomesh with enhanced cryopreservation performance

Haopu Liang
1
,
Hang Yin
2
,
Zongqi Guo
3,4,*
,
Yadong Yin
1,2,*
*Correspondence to: Zongqi Guo, 3Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. E-mail: zongqiguo@usf.edu
Yadong Yin, Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA. E-mail: yadong.yin@ucr.edu
Smart Mater Devices. 2027;3:202660. 10.70401/smd.2026.0061
Received: August 19, 2026Accepted: October 23, 2026Published: November 02, 2026
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This manuscript is made available in its unedited form to allow early access to the reported findings. Further editing will be completed before final publication. As such, the content may include errors, and standard legal disclaimers are applicable.

Abstract

Cryopreservation technologies have important applications in healthcare, biodiversity, and food sustainability, but post-rewarming viability in preserved biosystems is limited by ice-induced damage and cryoprotective agent toxicity. Vitrification, also known as ‘ice-free’ cryopreservation, suppresses ice formation and offers significant promise, but typically requires rapid heat transfer, high cryoprotective agent concentrations, or both. Recent success using a “cryomesh” approach can cryopreserve both organisms and organoids in a vitrified state through improved heat transfer. This perspective presents a materials-centered framework for designing next-generation cryomesh to further improve cryopreservation efficacy. Building on established mechanisms, cryomesh performance and post-rewarming viability could be further improved through material selection, hierarchical microstructures, and surface engineering. Proposed strategies include thermally conductive materials, wettable coatings, and stimuli-responsive materials for controlled, automated sample recovery. We emphasize the critical importance of device-level validation under relevant conditions rather than evaluation by thermal conductivity or function alone. By integrating heat transfer, interfacial phenomena, and sample handling, this perspective outlines design priorities for scalable, high-throughput cryopreservation.

Keywords

Cryopreservation, cryomesh, heat transfer, materials design

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Liang H, Yin H, Guo Z, Yin Y. Innovating materials design for smart cryomesh with enhanced cryopreservation performance. Smart Mater Devices. 2027;3:202660. https://doi.org/10.70401/smd.2026.0061

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