Journal of Building Design and Environment
Table Of Contents (5 Articles)
Research on air pollution characteristics and planning strategy of urban street environment
Dense buildings in modern cities make street pollutants more and more difficult to disperse, and the exposure level of urban residents to pollutants has increased significantly. This study focuses on the spatial and temporal distribution of ambient air pollution ...
More.Dense buildings in modern cities make street pollutants more and more difficult to disperse, and the exposure level of urban residents to pollutants has increased significantly. This study focuses on the spatial and temporal distribution of ambient air pollution in urban streets and the relationship between street morphology and pollutant dispersion, and explores ways to reduce ambient air pollution in streets through spatial design. The study used the CityGrid urban grid data monitoring station to conduct an empirical study on an urban trunk road in Wuhan during the winter of 2020 to 2021, monitoring pollutants including NO2, O3, PM2.5, and PM10. The results showed that pollutant concentration changes in the near-road environment are affected by a combination of meteorological elements and traffic flow characteristics. The wind parallel to the road is more favorable to evacuate pollutants inside the street canyon, and the ambient wind above the canyon perpendicular to the road causes vortices in the canyon that cause gaseous pollutants to accumulate on the leeward side of the canyon. The distribution of particulate pollutants is mainly related to the distance of road pollutant sources. Building access ventilation can effectively evacuate street pollutants, and NO2 and O3 decay to stable levels in shorter distance from the road than PM2.5 and PM10 in downwind direction. The future urban street planning can effectively alleviate street pollution levels through strategies such as street canyon morphology control, green landscape facilities arrangement, increasing the building interface opening, and building bottom overhead.
Less.Shen Yang, ... Wen Liu
DOI:https://doi.org/10.37155/2811-0730-0201-1 - January 13, 2023
Standards and problems for epidemic prevention in buildings: a review
The complexity of the building environment directly affects the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) inside the building. Therefore, the paper systematically reviewed the effective and feasible measures, designs ...
More.The complexity of the building environment directly affects the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) inside the building. Therefore, the paper systematically reviewed the effective and feasible measures, designs and relevant epidemic prevention guidelines formed in the field of epidemic prevention during the period of COVID-19, as well as the excellent research and projects around the world. The study found that most of the people infected with COVID-19 were infected indoors, but the current building design was not included in the scope of epidemic prevention design, not effectively resist the spread of infectious diseases, and there is no standard guideline for epidemic prevention building design so far. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate building epidemic prevention standards, and by considering the epidemic prevention design in the architectural planning and design stage, the use of building epidemic prevention products, healthy wind environment design, etc. to establish a healthy building environment can effectively reduce the risk of epidemic transmission inside the building. However, due to insufficient epidemiological data and pathological research on the risk of epidemic transmission among residents, further research on the standards for epidemic prevention and quantitative risk assessment methods of building is limited.
Less.Xiaoqiang Gong, ... Yezhao Cai
DOI:https://doi.org/10.37155/2811-0730-0101-4 - November 10, 2022
An analysis of elevated building design on building surrounded outdoor wind environment
Architectural form design is crucial to building indoor and outdoor natural ventilation, and elevated building design is one of the methods for improving the outdoor wind environment. Through Integrating computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation with ...
More.Architectural form design is crucial to building indoor and outdoor natural ventilation, and elevated building design is one of the methods for improving the outdoor wind environment. Through Integrating computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation with architectural design, an informed decision for architectural design is provided for better architectural design schemes. CFD simulation was used to explore the impacts of elevated heights on the XJTLU Central Building's wind environment at the pedestrian height around the building. Results show that the elevated design of the building has a good effect on improving the wind environment at the pedestrian height of 1.5 m around the building. For this study case and similar height buildings, the elevated design can increase the wind speed of the 1.5 m pedestrian height in the windward area of the building when the elevated height is 2.4~3.0 m. When the elevated design height is above 3.0 m, the elevated design has little impact on the 1.5 m height wind speed at the windward area of the building. On this basis, the impact of various building heights and elevated widths on the pedestrian height wind speeds were explored. Results show that when the building height is between 24 and 72 m, increasing the building height can increase the wind speed at pedestrian height in the high wind speed area of the windward area, and gradually reduce the wind speed of the pedestrian height in the low wind speed at the windward area of the building. When the total height of the building and the elevated height is unchanged, results show that increasing the elevated width of the building can increase the pedestrian height wind speeds in the high wind speed area of the windward area and has no significant impact on the pedestrian height wind field distribution in the low wind speed area of the windward area.
Less.Zhang Jiawei, Tian Zhen
DOI:https://doi.org/10.37155/2811-0730-0101-3 - November 10, 2022
The Effect of Connections on the global response of built-up cold-formed steel beams with corrugated webs
The objective of this paper is to quantify the slippage and rotation in the connections of a double fixed corrugated web beam. Two types of connections between the component parts of the built-up beam were used, i.e. MIG brazing and spot welding, which offer different ...
More.The objective of this paper is to quantify the slippage and rotation in the connections of a double fixed corrugated web beam. Two types of connections between the component parts of the built-up beam were used, i.e. MIG brazing and spot welding, which offer different rigidities and bearing capacities for the built-up beams. Experimental tests were conducted on three MIG brazed and two spot welded specimens, respectively. The test setup consisted of a six-point bending configuration which is equivalent to a uniform distributed load applied to the beam. The load was applied from a 500kN actuator through a leverage system that allowed the distribution of the force. An out-of-plane structure prevented the beam from lateral torsional buckling. The testing exhibited relatively large slippage and deformation in the bolted connections and in the supporting device, respectively. However, the high rigidity of the beam maintained the mid-span deflection in the serviceability limit state limits. The built-up corrugated web beams made of cold-formed steel profiles represent an efficient and suitable structural solution for buildings. Nevertheless, experimental research due to inevitable slippage and the endplate deformation must be performed to characterize the connection.
Less.Ioan Both, ... Viorel Ungureanu
DOI:https://doi.org/10.37155/2811-0730-0101-2 - November 10, 2022